The Paris Agreement was adopted by 196 participants at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in Paris, France, 12 December 2015. Then it was strengthened on 4 November 2016.
Its contents are to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by controlling the rise in global temperatures in the century this is 2 degrees Celsius below pre-industrial levels and limits the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Indonesia’s participation in global climate negotiations began in 1992 at the Earth Summit (Summit) in Rio de Janeiro.
In September 2022, Indonesia updated its National Contribution Determined in the 2015 Paris Agreement, by committing to reducing GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions by 32 percent (or 43 percent, with international assistance) by 2030.
Quoted from Antara news agency , most recently, the Climate Change Conference or COP 28 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
“After two weeks of tough negotiations and one day of extra time, COP 28 in Dubai concluded on December 13. This conference completed the first Global Inventory since the Paris Agreement came into force, reviewing past progress and gaps, and charting a course for implementation,” explained Mao Ning, Spokesperson for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Director of Astra Gita Tiffani Boer (left) with speakers during a talk show session on the topic Support Indonesia’s Transition to a Sustainable Future: Private Sector Contribution in Climate Action and Partners at the Indonesian Pavilion at COP 28 which was held at Expo City Dubai on (30/11 /2023). As an illustration of activities to care for nature and reduce emissions including the effects of greenhouse gases (GHG) [Astra]. According to Mao Ning, the success of COP 28 in reaching an agreement reflects a strong consensus from all parties regarding the importance of overcoming the problem of climate change.
“COP 28 reaffirms the principle of shared but differentiated responsibilities,” he continued.
According to him, COP 28 has adopted a number of decisions related to developing countries such as decisions regarding the Loss and Damage Fund, the Global Goal Framework on Adaptation, the Just Transition Work Program and others.
“Despite this, no major progress has been achieved in fulfilling the promises of developed countries to take the lead in reducing emissions, and providing capital, technology and capacity building support to developing countries,” stressed Mao Ning.
Another problem is unilateral action which could hamper international cooperation because it has not been resolved properly.
“Building a global climate governance system that is fair, logical, cooperative and mutually beneficial is still a tough task,” he said.
China’s next will also provide solutions for negotiations on key issues, involving all parties to seek common ground while resolving differences. As well as making an important contribution to achieving positive results.
In the future, China will remain committed to the path of modernization that harmonizes people and nature, continue to actively promote international cooperation in overcoming climate change, and work with all parties to promote the effective implementation of the Paris Agreement.
Mao Ning also stated that negotiations at COP 28 through two weeks of fierce debate in Dubai finally reached an agreement. The call being made is “a transition from fossil fuels in the energy system, in a fair, orderly and equitable way to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 according to science”.
More than 100 countries have pushed hard to include the word “stop” in the global climate agreement on the use of oil, gas and coal.
However, they face strong opposition from the OPEC group of oil-producing countries led by Saudi Arabia, which argues the world can reduce emissions without avoiding the use of specific fuels.
OPEC countries, which have almost 80 percent of the world’s oil reserves and produce about a third of the oil on the global market, are highly dependent on this commodity.
On the other hand, island countries that are vulnerable to climate change are the most vocal groups demanding an end to the use of fossil fuels.
They have support from oil and gas producing countries such as the United States, Canada, Norway, and also from the European Union and several other countries.
“China considers COP 28 important. During COP 28, China fully participated in consultations on all topics and coordinated closely with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as chairman of COP 28, and other parties in order to firmly prioritize the common interests of countries developing countries,” said Mao Ning’s statement to the media in Beijing, China, Thursday (14/12/2023).
As a country that has a reputation as the largest automotive market in the world, China produces many cars from national and international brands that have opened factories in the country. Mainly in Shanghai City.
Apart from conventional cars, electric cars or EVs (Electric Vehicles) are also produced.
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